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Yucca brevifolia
''Yucca brevifolia'' is a plant species belonging to the genus ''Yucca''. It is tree-like in habit, which is reflected in its common names: Joshua tree, yucca palm, tree yucca, and palm tree yucca.
This monocotyledonous tree is native to southwestern North America in the states of California, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada, where it is confined mostly to the Mojave Desert between elevation. It thrives in the open grasslands of Queen Valley and Lost Horse Valley in Joshua Tree National Park. A dense Joshua tree forest also exists in Mojave National Preserve, in the area of Cima Dome.
==Taxonomy==
The name ''Joshua tree'' was given by a group of Mormon settlers who crossed the Mojave Desert in the mid-19th century. The tree's unique shape reminded them of a Biblical story in which Joshua reaches his hands up to the sky in prayer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Joshua Tree National Park )〕 Ranchers and miners who were contemporary with the Mormon immigrants used the trunks and branches as fencing and for fuel for ore-processing steam engines. It is also called ''izote de desierto'' (Spanish, "desert dagger"). It was first formally described in the botanical literature as ''Yucca brevifolia'' by George Engelmann in 1871 as part of the Geological Exploration of the 100th meridian or Wheeler Survey.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=543655-1&back_page=%2Fipni%2FeditSimplePlantNameSearch.do%3Ffind_wholeName%3DYucca%2Bbrevifolia%26output_format%3Dnormal )〕
In addition to the autonymic subspecies ''Yucca brevifolia'' subsp. ''brevifolia'', two other subspecies have been described:〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yucca species )〕 ''Yucca brevifolia'' subsp. ''jaegeriana'' (the Jaeger Joshua tree or Jaeger's Joshua tree or pygmae yucca) and ''Yucca brevifolia'' subsp. ''herbertii'' (Webber's yucca or Herbert Joshua tree), though both are sometimes treated as varieties〔 or forms.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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